Panjawatanan, Panadeekarn

Background/Objectives: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common chronic bacterial infection. Patients with H. pylori infection may be at an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) because of chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. Several epidemiologic studies attempting to determine this risk have yielded inconsistent results. This meta-analysis was conducted with the aims to summarize all available evidence and estimate the risk of NAFLD in patients with H. pylori infection. Methods: A literature search was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE database from inception to June 2016. Studies that reported relative risks, odd ratios, or hazard ratios comparing the risk of NAFLD among patients with H. pylori infection versus without H. pylori infection were included. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method. Results: Six studies met our eligibility criteria and were included in this analysis. We found a statistically significant increased risk of NAFLD among patients with H. pylori infection with the pooled odds ratios of 1.21 (95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.37). The statistical heterogeneity was low with an I 2 of 49%. Conclusions: A significantly increased risk of NAFLD among patients with H. pylori infection was demonstrated in this meta-analysis. Further studies are required to clarify how this risk should be addressed in clinical practice.

Abstract Background The association between hyperuricaemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ), one of the leading causes of cirrhosis worldwide, has been demonstrated in recent epidemiological studies. This meta‐analysis was conducted to summarize all available data and to estimate the risk of NAFLD among subjects with hyperuricaemia. Methods Comprehensive literature review was conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE database through August 2016 to identify studies that compared the risk of NAFLD among subjects with hyperuricaemia vs those with normal uric acid level. Effect estimates from individual study were extracted and combined together using random‐effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. Results Twenty‐five studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta‐analysis. The risk of NAFLD in subjects with hyperuricaemia was significantly higher than subjects with normal uric acid level with the pooled odds ratio ( OR ) of 1.97 (95% confidence interval ( CI ), 1.69‐2.29). The heterogeneity between studies of the overall analysis was high with an I 2 of 87%. Subgroup analysis based on 11 studies that provided data on males subgroup and nine studies that provided data on females subgroup showed that the risk was significantly increased for both sexes with pooled OR of 1.64 (95% CI , 1.40‐1.93) among males and pooled OR of 2.21 (95% CI , 1.85‐2.64) among females. Conclusions A significantly increased risk of NAFLD among patients with hyperuricaemia was demonstrated in this meta‐analysis. Further studies are required to establish the role of uric acid in the pathogenesis of NAFLD .

Background/objectives Gallstone disease and its complications are common, particularly in Western populations. Recent studies have reported a significantly increased risk of gallstones among hepatitis C virus-infected patients. However, the data on patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are still limited. This meta-analysis was carried out with the aim of summarizing all available evidence. Patients and methods A literature search was performed using MEDLINE and the EMBASE database from inception to May 2016. Studies that reported relative risks, odd ratios, or hazard ratios comparing the risk of gallstones among HBV-infected patients versus patients without HBV infection were included. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse-variance method. Results Nine studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. We found no significant association between HBV infection and the risk of gallstones, with a pooled OR of 1.10 (95% CI, 0.91–1.33). The statistical heterogeneity was moderate, with an I 2 of 69%. Subgroup analysis was carried out. The pooled OR of cross-sectional studies was 1.01 (95% CI, 0.91–1.12; I 2 0%), whereas the pooled OR of case–control studies was 1.53 (95% CI, 0.85–2.74; I 2 80%). Conclusion A significant association between HBV infection and the risk of gallstones was not observed in this study.

AbstractBackground and AimNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Several studies have suggested that short sleep duration could be a risk factor for NAFLD. However, results of those reports are inconsistent. This meta‐analysis was conducted with an attempt to summarize all available data.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE database. Studies that reported relative risks, odd ratios or hazard ratios comparing the risk of NAFLD among participants who had short sleep duration versus those with longer sleep duration were included. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence interval were calculated using a random‐effect, generic inverse variance method.ResultsSix studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta‐analysis. The risk of NAFLD in participants who had short sleep duration was significantly higher than participants with longer sleep duration with pooled risk ratios of 1.19 (95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.36, I2 = 0%).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated a small but significantly increased risk of NAFLD among participants who had short sleep duration.